Francesco P La Mantia
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Processi e dei Materiali, Universita di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy Mechanical properties of secondary plastic materials obtained by recycling of post-consumer plastic containers for liquids are very poor. This is due to the incompatibility between component polymers PET, PVC, and PE and degradation of components during the heterogeneous reprocessing. The use of different classes of additives, such as stabilizers, inert fillers,...
Tpl
Recycling of PVC Effect of the Processing Operation 1 1 Polymers in Waste Management 1 1.1 Photo-biodegradation of Plastics Litter 2 1.2 Composting of Plastics in Mixed Household and Garden Waste 2 1.3 Materials Recycling of Segregated, Clean Industrial Waste 3 1.4 Chemical Recovery from Mixed Plastics Waste 3 1.5 Incineration with Heat Recovery 4 2 Polymer Processing A Damaging Operation 4 3 Mechanodegradation of PVC 5 4 The Effects of Plasticisers, Impact Modifyers and Compatibilisers on PVC...
Francesco Paolo La Mantia
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Processi e dei Materiali, Universita di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy The main problems in post-consumer plastics recycling are due to the degradation of polymers during processing steps and during lifetime. In the recycling of heterogeneous waste, the incompatibility among the different phases also poses substantial difficulty. The influence of both degradation and incompatibility on the structure and on the properties of the recycled...
Intensive washing
Figure 3. Scheme of the Zone III - packaging. Figure 3. Scheme of the Zone III - packaging. Friction separator paper, cardboard The main items of this zone are see Figure 2 Filtration and degassing extruder The main items of this zone are see Figure 3 The homomicronizer is the heart of the line. It transforms plastics waste into Newplast. It includes all means necessary to guarantee the safest possible operation within the context of the latest industrial safety criteria. It consists of a...
Herbert Uhlen
VEKAAG, Postfach 1262, Sendenhorst, Germany Three basic materials are used for window frames wood, aluminum, and PVC. For approximately 30 years window frames of PVC have been used in Germany. Even if the products of the first generation were not absolutely perfect, PVC windows have still achieved a substantial percentage in the marketplace because of their advantages they are long-lasting, have low maintenance requirements, and use only small amounts of material. In Germany, they have a market...
George Wypych
ChemTec Laboratories, 38 Earswick Dr., Toronto, Ontario MIE 1C6, Canada Several decades of UV degradation studies gave sufficient evidence to make the following statements all polymers degrade when exposed to UV light products of thermal degradation typically accelerate UV degradation.1 From these two statements, it is obvious that strategy of recycling must consider material durability as very important factor. Recycling would still be a relatively simple process if materials for recycling...
D Braun and K Krmer
Deutsches Kunststoff-Institut, Schlo gartenstra e 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany With a present world-wide annual production of approximately 19 million tones, poly vinyl chloride PVC is the second largest volume thermoplastic only to polyethylene as volume leader in the plastics industry.1 Its ability to be compounded with many additives to a wide range of flexible and rigid forms constitutes the major factor responsible for the versatility of PVC. Because of a low cost and the processability by...
Basic Concepts on the Recycling of Homogeneous and
Main Problems in Plastics Recycling 64 Degradation 64 Influence of Structure and Morphology on the Behavior of Polymers 66 Compatibilization of Recycled Polyethyleneterephthalate Polypropylene Blends Using a Functionalized Rubber 77 B. Ballauri, M. Trabuio, and F. P. La Mantia Rheological and Mechanical Properties 79 Rheological Properties and Processability 85 Recycling of Post-consumer Plastic Containers for Liquids 93 Effect of Stabilizers and Lubricants 98 Comparison Between Different...
B Dubrulle DOrhcel
Process Newplast Holding N.V., Herengracht 320, NL-1016 CE Amsterdam, Holland A new process for recycling mixed plastics waste is described. With this process mixed plastics waste can be recycled without any compatibilizer giving rise to secondary materials easily processable in conventional machinery and with good mechanical properties. The process is based on homomicronization, a process of deep microhomogenization which permits differing polymers to result in a solid amalgam with good...
Compatibilization of Recycled PolyethyleneterephthalatePolypropylene Blends
F.lli Maris SpA, 10090 Rosta TO , Italy Shell Italia, SpA, Via Chiese 74, 20126 Milano, Italy Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Processi e dei Materiali, Universita di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128, Italy The recycling of heterogeneous plastic waste gives, in general, a secondary materials with poor properties because of a scarce compatibility among the polymers present in the waste. Compatibilization of heterogeneous blends is thus a primary aim of the research on recycling. Blends...
Gerald Scott
Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK PVC presents particular difficulties in disposal due to the potential environmental hazards associated with the chlorine content of the polymer. In principle materials recycling provides an ecologically acceptable way of re-utilising the energy content of the polymer but the processing operation is damaging to the durability of recycled artifacts unless the provenance of the waste is known. The principles involved in the protection of PVC against the...
Ro R O Roor Ro H Roh Ro R Ror
Only the two last reactions lead to stable products. or a deactivation on the bitumen occurs with grafting of bituminous product onto the polymer backbone. The probability for the second hypothesis is higher because the reaction medium mainly contains bitumen and the Ro '99 free radicals have far more chances to deactivate on bitumen. Furthermore, molecules constituting the bitumen have low molecular weight lt 1500 , as verified by GPC analysis Table 9 . GPC data also indicate that the number...
Georges Voituron
Solvay Research amp Technology, Rue de Ransbeek 310, B-1120 Brussels, Belgium In our increasingly affluent society, concern for the environment as well as for the quality of life is growing. A fraction of the public opinion is not far from imagining that suppressing plastics would definitely solve the waste problem. There is no doubt that mankind has to care for the future of this, his foster earth, but this must be done scientifically and realistically, and not emotionally. Nevertheless, in...
Pvc Soil Contamination
Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali Universita di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy Contamination in recycling is an extremely broad topic encompassing a diversity of forms such as dirt, partially oxidized polymers, printing inks, paper, pesticides, metals, foil, additives e.g., fire retardants and antioxidants and their transformation products. Contamination in polymers for recycling is ubiquitous be it soil in LDPE mulch film or metal...